SOLVED

71. Homophobia is best described as: a. sexual prejudice b. a clinical phobia c. sexual orientation d. homosexuality 72. According to research presented in the text, what percentage of second-year medical students were found to endorse the belief that homosexuality is a mental disorder? a. 4% b. 9% c. 19% d. 27% 73. If Dr. Swank studies how IQ scores change across the lifespan, she would probably find that most individuals score the highest on tests of intelligence when they are at which of the following ages? a. age 18 b. age 27 c. age 39 d. age 60 74. According to Piaget, how would the problem-solving abilities of a 15-year-old differ from those of a 30-year-old: a. Their problem-solving abilities would not differ substantially, although the 30-year-old might know more things. b. The 15-year-old would be better at conservation tasks. c. The 30-year-old would be better at conservation tasks. d. The 30-year old would be much more likely to use hypothetical reasoning when solving scientific problems. 75. According to Piaget, at which of the following ages do individuals typically reach the stage of formal operations, and thereby substantially complete their cognitive development? a. at age 12 b. at age 25 c. at age 55 d. at age 75 76. The text reports a study conducted on students from Harvard and Radcliffe. Compared to how their thinking was characterized as seniors, when these students were freshmen, their thinking was more likely to: a. be tolerant of many different points of view b. reflect their self-chosen ideas and convictions c. be dualistic, emphasizing the “either-or” aspects of thought d. focus on understanding ambiguous answers, rather than focusing on truth and knowledge 77. Which of the following is the term that describes thought that seeks to integrate opposing or conflicting ideas and observations? a. normative thought b. dialectical thought c. preformal thought d. postformal thought 78. Brittany often engages in the kind of thought in which she argues both sides of a question, pointing out the “pros” and “cons” of the situation. Her focus on trying to integrate opposing points of view and conflicting aspects of situations comes closest to thought that is called: a. formal operational thinking b. postformal thought c. normative thought d. dialectical thought 79. Jacob explains a difficult situation by bringing together ideas that reflect the logical aspects of the problem, the emotional aspects of the problems, and his own past experiences in solving problems of this type. The term that best describes Jacob’s approach to explaining this problem is: a. formal operational thinking b. postformal thought c. normative thought d. dialectical thought 80. If a person has developed postformal thought, this would imply that she: a. can consider both cognitive and emotional aspects of a problem, in addition to her own experiences b. can understand hypothetical situations and can reason through “what if” problems c. has mastered the concepts that underlie conservation tasks d. knows the difference between “right” and “wrong”