SOLVED

81) Alan loves both donuts and sex, and always eats a donut immediately before having sex. After a time of engaging in frequent donut-sexual activity pairings, Alan finds that he becomes sexually aroused at the mere sight of a donut, even if he is not about to have sex. Alan’s responses can be explained by a. pseudoconditioning. b. conditioned compensatory responses. c. classically conditioned fetishism. d. latent inhibition. 82) The typical effect of heroin is a decrease in blood pressure (the UCR), whereas the cues associated with taking heroin, such as a bathroom stall in a seedy nightclub, will, through conditioning, come to elicit an increase in blood pressure (the CR). This means that when the addict enters the bathroom stall, she will experience an immediate increase in blood pressure, which then helps to prevent blood pressure from dropping too low when the heroin is injected. This experience occurs due to ____________________. a. pseudoconditioning b. conditioned compensatory responses c. classically conditioned fetishism d. latent inhibition 83) Research has demonstrated that disgust reactions are likely a product of _________________ conditioning. a. pseudo b. classical c. instrumental d. operant 84) _____________ conditioning refers to learning controlled by the consequences of the organism’s behaviour. a. Respondent b. Pavlovian c. Classical d. Instrumental 85) Joan puts a toonie into a vending machine to get a bottle of vitamin water. In this example, the operant is a. Joan. b. the toonie. c. the bottle of water. d. the taste of the water. 86) Which of the following is not an example of operant conditioning? a. Training a rat to run a maze by rewarding them with food once they reach the end. b. Ignoring a patient who fakes anxiety attacks to because it normally results in attention from staff. c. Teaching a child to do his chores by giving him a cookie when he has completed them. d. Helping a patient’s phobia of spiders by exposing him to the dangerous stimuli when in a relaxed state. 87) In operant conditioning, target behaviours are ___________, whereas in classical conditioning they are ____________. a. elicited; emitted b. emitted; elicited c. reinforced; punished d. punished; reinforced 88) Voluntary motor behaviour is associated with ______________ conditioning, relative to responses in the autonomic nervous system in ______________. a. operant; compensatory b. respondent; classical c. instrumental; classical d. Pavlovian; Skinnerian 89) Which of the following is not a key difference between classical (C) and operant (O) conditioning? a. Target behaviours are either elicited (C) or emitted (O). b. Behaviour is a function of stimuli before (C) or consequences after (O) the behaviour. c. Behaviour depends on the autonomic nervous system (C) or skeletal muscles (O). d. Conditioning is most effective for either animal (C) or human (O) populations. 90) Thorndike’s Law of Effect is most closely associated with which operant conditioning principle? a. Premack principle b. Negative reinforcement c. Punishment d. Positive reinforcement