SOLVED

201) Your friend Hannah is about to begin chemotherapy treatments for cancer. She read in an information packet that chemotherapy patients often develop aversions to their favourite foods due to illness associated with the treatments. Which of the following would you recommend to Hannah to help her avoid these aversions? a. Prior to her chemotherapy, Hannah should eat an unfamiliar scapegoat food so that any aversions she develops will be associated with the scapegoat and not her favourite foods. b. Hannah should continue to eat her favourite foods despite taste aversions as those will eventually go away and her favourite foods will make her feel better. c. Taste aversions only occur to unfamiliar foods so she should eat familiar foods prior to chemotherapy. d. Taste aversions require repeated pairings to develop and as long as she eats something different prior to each chemotherapy treatment, she shouldn’t develop any taste aversions. 202) Cancer patients may be asked to __________________ prior to chemotherapy treatments to avoid conditioned taste aversions. a. participate in shock conditioning b. take the drug Antabuse c. make themselves vomit d. eat an unfamiliar scapegoat food 203) Human beings generally have an aversion to bitter and sour foods. Some researchers suggest that this is because foods that are inedible or even poisonous are often bitter or sour. The tendency of human beings to find these potentially harmful foods repulsive is an example of a. classical conditioning. b. vicarious conditioning. c. conditioned emotional response. d. biological preparedness. 204) Which of the following methods would likely be effective in eliminating a child’s phobia of dentists? a. Take the child to their favourite restaurant after visiting the dentist so the dentist is paired with a pleasurable UCS. b. Inform the child that their teeth will hurt if the dentist does not clean them so the dentist is paired with pain relief. c. Inform the child that they will be punished if they do not go to the dentist so the dentist is associated with the positive feelings of nonpunishment. d. Inform the child that their teeth will rot if the dentist does not clean them so the dentist is paired with a feared UCS. 205) Research on phobias has suggested that the stimuli that people are most commonly afraid of may have an evolutionary basis, and were stimuli that posed a threat to our early human ancestors. Which of the following concepts fits with this explanation? a. Insight learning b. Latent learning c. Preparedness d. Instinctive drift 206) Ed owns a husky dog that is part wolf in its breeding. Although his dog is well trained, Ed comes home one day to find that his dog has captured, killed, and partially eaten his neighbour’s pet rabbit. What phenomenon provides the best explanation for this scenario? a. Preparedness b. Instinctive drift c. Latent inhibition d. Insight learning 207) The tendency for animals to return to innate behaviours following repeated reinforcement is called _______________. a. biological preparedness b. instinctive drift c. latent inhibition d. insight learning 208) Research on learning styles has demonstrated that a. individuals tend to learn best via one of four specific learning styles (e.g., visual, holistic). b. tailoring teaching methods to student’s learning styles significantly improves their learning. c. there is little scientific evidence for learning styles and assessment of learning styles has not been reliable. d. individuals have a predominant learning style, or preferred mode of learning, as well as a secondary learning style, and teaching tailored to both of these dramatically increases performance. 209) Which of the following statements concerning sleep learning is true? a. Sleep learning tapes work because we actively process information while we sleep. b. Sleep learning studies confirm that we can learn languages while we sleep. c. Most evidence from studies on sleep learning suggests that it is an effective learning strategy. d. Sleep learning tapes work because we are likely not asleep when we listen to the tapes. 210) Which of the following is true concerning Accelerated Learning techniques? a. Playing classical music for students appears to increase their rates of learning. b. Students who employ relaxed breathing techniques appear to learn more quickly than those students who do not use these techniques. c. Asking students to visualize information that they are learning appears to increase their rates of learning. d. Research concerning suggestive learning techniques does not provide strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of these techniques. 211) Which of the following is an example of discovery learning? a. A teacher individually assisting a student with a problem set b. A student working independently on a science project c. A student serving as a skilled assistant who teaches another student d. A student scoring well on a re-test after scoring low the first time 212) Which of the following is most representative of research concerning learning styles? a. Most students have a specific learning style and teachers should tailor instruction to the individual student based on their learning style. b. Visual learners are not likely to enjoy tasks that involve analytical skills. c. Learning style inventories may lack validity and reliability so consequently it is difficult to pinpoint how a certain student will learn best.