SOLVED

51) The idea that proponents of speed-reading courses or facilitated communication hold stubbornly to their beliefs despite contradictory evidence relates to what warning sign of pseudoscience? a. Exaggerated claims b. Overreliance on anecdotes c. Lack of self-correction d. Absence of connectivity 52) Your friend tells you about a new commercial program called “Memorise This” that is proven by research to help people draw on their natural abilities to form photographic memories and remember information forever. What advice would you give to your friend about this program? a. If it is proven then it must be based on true science. b. The claim is likely pseudoscientific as scientific findings are rarely “proven”. c. The program must work because it was made by the same company as speed-reading programs. d. The claim sounds scientific and connects with previous research so it is worth investigating. 53) Penelope refuses to give her children cough syrup when they are sick because she knows a mother who did this and it resulted in brain damage in her child. Which warning sign of pseudoscience relates to Penelope’s opinion? a. Exaggerated claims b. Ad hoc immunizing c. Use of psychobabble d. Anecdotal evidence 54) Anecdotes are severely limited in all of the following ways except a. anecdotes don’t tell us anything about how representative the cases are. b. anecdotes are impressive and can lead to new scientific inquiries. c. anecdotes are difficult to verify. d. anecdotes don’t tell us anything about cause and effect. 55) Pseudoscientific claims tend not to be based on research findings that already exist. Which warning sign of pseudoscience does this reflect? a. Ad hoc immunizing b. Psychobabble c. Absence of connectivity d. Evasion of peer review 56) Abigail is watching a late night infomercial on television that advertises a new program called “Live Linguistically” that claims to help you learn a new language in a day. The ad says that “Live Linguistically has been scientifically proven by hundreds of studies to enable fast language learning through stimulation of the language pathways in your cerebral cortex and generate new language neurons. Not only will you be able to learn a new language in a day, but you will be able to speak it with perfect grammatical structure and accent for the rest of your life”. This example reflects which of the following warning signs of pseudoscience? a. Ad hoc immunizing b. Psychobabble c. Absence of connectivity d. Overreliance on anecdotes 57) Which warning sign of pseudoscience is synonymous with stating an unfalsifiable hypothesis or theory? a. Overreliance on anecdotal evidence b. Overuse of ad hoc immunizing hypotheses c. Lack of self-correction d. Evasion of peer review 58) According to the warning signs of pseudoscience, an overuse of ad hoc immunizing hypotheses involves a. stating an unreliable hypothesis or theory. b. stating an unfalsifiable hypothesis or theory. c. a lack of self-correction. d. little if any peer review. 59) A key characteristic of a pseudoscience is that incorrect theories are a. never corrected or changed. b. discarded. c. formulated and revised as needed. d. seldom believed by the general public. 60) Suppose a theorist decides not to revise his theory despite a large amount of nonsupportive evidence. If this continues, it’s very likely that this theory a. is destined to join the ranks of pseudoscience b. will get stronger over time. c. will get replaced over time. d. will be believed by the general public.