SOLVED

31)In Darwin’s second book, The Descent of Man, he proposed another type of selection, in which members of the same sex complete for a partner of the opposite sex. This principle is referred to as: A)natural selection. B)intersexual selection. C)intrasexual selection. D)genetic variation. 32)New characteristics can result from all of the following EXCEPT: A)spontaneous genetic mutations. B)crossover of genetic material between members of a chromosome pair. C)addition of new amino acids to the DNA molecule. D)recombination of genetic material. 33)According to the principle of ________, the fate of genetic variations depends on the environment. A)natural selection B)sociobiology C)linkage D)genetic markers 34)Which of the following traits would be LEAST likely to be “selected” by natural selection? A)a trait that makes an animal more attractive to the opposite sex B)a trait that causes progressive hair loss with age C)a trait that allows an animal to better remember where food sources are located D)a trait that increases an animal’s strength and speed, allowing it to better escape from predators 35)Which is the best statement of the principle of natural selection? A)A species constantly improves as parents pass along their best traits to their offspring. B)Over time, the environment naturally selects some traits over others. C)Over time, genetic variations become more common if they are adaptive in a particular environment. D)If a trait or characteristic is no longer adaptive, then the environment will select better, more adaptive traits. 36)Over the past century and a half, Darwin’s ideas have been: A)vehemently rejected by findings in anthropology, botany, and molecular genetics. B)resoundingly supported by findings in anthropology, botany, and molecular genetics. C)rejected by findings in anthropology, but accepted among botanists and molecular geneticists. D)accepted as interesting on a historical basis, but irrelevant to current theories. 37)Evolutionary psychologists usually start their research by asking the following question: A)What traits do modern humans have that early humans did not possess? B)What sort of challenges to survival did prehistoric humans face? C)What characteristics do modern humans have and how might those characteristics have evolved? D)What kind of differences are there between modern humans living in different areas of the world? 38)An evolutionary psychologist would agree that: A)the human mind developed as a collection of modules to handle specific survival problems. B)the human mind is like a general-purpose computer waiting to be programmed. C)if a trait exists, then it must have been adaptive to human survival. D)virtually every human tendency, from cleanliness to cruelty, is innate. 39)Evolutionary psychologists believe that the human mind is a: A)general-purpose computer that can be programmed to do many different things. B)collection of independent mental modules specialized to solve specific survival problems. C)collection of instincts related to specific human activities and capacities. D)computer that is being used to solve problems that it was not programmed to solve. 40)Because of the way our species evolved, many tendencies are either present at birth in all humans or develop rapidly during maturation. An example of one of these tendencies would be/an: A)preference for familiar objects. B)natural inclination toward critical thinking. C)attraction to novelty. D)inclination toward human resilience and joy.