SOLVED

231) Ted goes to a therapist to help overcome his fear of snakes. The therapist helps Ted to become deeply relaxed through the use of progressive relaxation. Ted is then asked to imagine increasingly anxiety-arousing scenes involving snakes while maintaining a relaxed state. If Ted becomes fearful, the therapist switches Ted back to relaxation until Ted can tolerate the scene and remain fully relaxed. This process is continued until Ted can stay relaxed through even the most distressing scene in the hierarchy. This process is called ________. A) flooding B) systematic desensitization C) gradual exposure D) modelling 232) Matt goes to a therapist to help overcome his fear of snakes. The therapist helps Matt become deeply relaxed through the use of progressive relaxation. Matt is then exposed to actual fear-evoking stimuli involving snakes while trying to maintain his relaxed state. The therapist begins with the least distressing stimuli in a hierarchy and progresses to more distressing stimuli until Matt can maintain his relaxed state when exposed to even the most distressing stimuli in the hierarchy, which involves draping a large snake over his shoulders. This process is called ________. A) cue-controlled conditioning B) systematic desensitization C) gradual exposure D) flooding 233) Nate goes to a therapist to help overcome his fear of snakes. The therapist has Nate observe other people interacting with snakes and then asks Nate to imitate the behaviours he observed. Nate receives positive reinforcement for attempting to imitate what he observed. This process is called ________. A) cue-controlled conditioning B) systematic desensitization C) gradual exposure D) modelling 234) Aaron goes to a therapist to help overcome his fear of snakes. The therapist uses a combination of systematic desensitization and gradual exposure to help Aaron reduce and control his fears. Aaron’s therapist is most likely a(n) ________. A) behaviour therapist B) cognitive therapist C) existential therapist D) object relations therapist 235) Modelling approaches for curing phobias were pioneered by ________. A) Albert Ellis B) Albert Bandura C) Aaron Beck D) Margaret Mahler 236) ________ conditioning involves the use of reinforcement principles to foster the learning of adaptive responses and to extinguish maladaptive responses. A) Classical B) Operant C) Aversive D) Covert 237) Token economies utilize principles of ________. A) classical conditioning B) operant conditioning C) aversive conditioning D) covert sensitization 238) Brittany earns buttons for performing adaptive behaviours such as making her bed and cleaning her room. At a later time she can exchange her buttons for a trip to purchase her favourite video game. This method of stimulating desired behaviour is called ________. A) covert sensitization B) assical conditioning C) token economy D) systematic desensitization 239) Psychodynamic therapies tend to focus on ________ processes. A) unconscious B) subjective, conscious C) biological D) social-interactive 240) Humanistic therapies tend to focus on ________ processes. A) subconscious B) subjective, conscious C) biological D) social-interactive