SOLVED

191) The set of observable traits an individual has is called their ________________, which is based on their genetic makeup or ________________. a. genotype; phenotype b. phenotype; genotype c. chromosomes; genes d. genes; chromosomes 192) Darwin hypothesised that populations of organisms, rather than individuals, change by selective breeding with other organisms possessing some apparent advantage. This is known as a. behavioural genetics. b. behavioural adaptation. c. brain evolution. d. natural selection. 193) How many chromosomes do humans have? a. 12 b. 22 c. 23 d. 46 194) Those with heightened levels of _____________ have a better chance of passing on their genes to later generations. a. adaptations b. phenotypes c. genotypes d. fitness 195) The largest brain in the animal kingdom belongs to a. the sperm whale. b. gorillas. c. humans. d. elephants. 196) What animal has the biggest brain proportional to their body size?  a. Sperm whales b. Dolphins c. Humans d. Apes 197) The following are misconceptions about heritability except a. heritability is estimated by family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies. b. heritability applies to a single individual rather than differences among individuals. c. heritability is a fixed number. d. heritability tells us whether a trait can be changed. 198) _____________ refers to the extent to which genes set limits on how much a trait can change in response to new environments. a. Heritability b. Reaction range c. Behavioural genetics d. Evolution 199) Fraternal twins share approximately ___ percent of their genetic material. a. 25 b. 50 c. 80 d. 100 200) The following studies determine how much genetics contributes to the expression of that trait or disorder except a. twin studies where researchers investigate whether identical twins are more alike on a psychological characteristic, like intelligence or extraversion, than are fraternal twins, and thus can infer that this characteristic is genetically influenced. b. family studies where researchers examine the extent to which a trait “runs” or goes together in intact families, those in which all family members are raised in the same home. c. adoption studies where adoption agencies frequently place children in homes similar to those of the biological parents.