SOLVED

3-11) In terms of ethical guidelines in psychological research, studies need to achieve a balance between __________ and __________. a. the rights of the participants; the needs of the investigators b. the needs of the investigator; the financial gains of the investigator c. the needs of the investigator; the financial gains of the institution d. the importance of science; the number of publications in prestigious scientific journals 3-12) Dr. Thompson is a social psychologist who, for years, has conducted research on college students in relation to how they behave in classroom settings. One summer, without any preparation, Dr. Thomson decides to carry out research on a hospital population of schizophrenic patients, even though he has no training in clinical psychology and knows very little about these individuals. One might criticize Dr. Thomson’s behavior in terms of what APA ethical code? a. Avoiding Harm b. Boundaries of Competence c. Delegation of Work to Others d. Institutional Approval 3-13) Professor Humboldt has received a research grant that allows him to pay an undergraduate student to help him administer a survey regarding political attitudes toward an upcoming presidential election. Instead of data collection, however, Professor Humboldt has the student grade, unsupervised, research papers written by fellow undergraduates. In terms of ethical conduct, one might argue that Professor Humboldt has violated the __________ APA ethical code. a. Avoiding Harm b. Institutional Approval c. Boundaries of Competence d. Delegation of Work to Others 3-14) Stanley Milgram’s research dealing with obedience to authority has been criticized widely for violating various ethical standards. In terms of the following APA ethical codes, which principle was violated the most in Milgram’s studies? a. Delegation of work to others b. Institutional approval c. Deception d. Boundaries of competence 3-15) In the APA ethical codes, which principle represents the idea that researchers sometimes mislead their human subjects for purposes of creating a false impression? a. Deception b. Institutional approval c. Avoiding harm d. Boundaries of competence 3-16) Under what circumstances might a researcher be justified in using deception in an investigation? a. If the investigator can demonstrate the potential value of such a study b. If the investigator can demonstrate that participants will not experience any physical     pain or emotional distress c. If the investigator can guarantee that participants will be notified of the deception as     soon as possible d. all of the above 3-17) In determining if the use of deception in an investigation is justified, the most important issue to consider is a. whether or not the study makes use of active deception. b. whether or not the study makes use of passive deception. c. the degree to which the study might produce harm or discomfort within the     participants. d. the likelihood that the results will be published in a peer-reviewed, scholarly source. 3-18) The APA code of ethics specifies that the use of deception in research should be  a. used as much as possible, as long as the results can be applied to solve some problem. b. avoided whenever possible. c. utilized to guarantee that studies resemble “real life” circumstances as much as     possible. d. abolished, regardless of the potential applications and circumstances. 3-19) Dr. Bergoli is doing a study related to the effects of tricyclic drugs on clinical depression. In collecting his data, he makes sure that he does not identify his participants by name, but, instead, he identifies each participant by assigning a random number. In terms of the ethical guidelines, it appears that Dr. Bergoli is concerned about a. the use of deception. b. institutional approval. c. the delegation of work to others. d. the participants’ anonymity. 3-20) Professor Hansen is involved in a research investigation related to the eating habits of a group of anorexic teenagers. Outside of the laboratory, she tells a good friend about a particularly interesting participant who has some rather extreme eating behaviors. Under these circumstances, which code of ethics is Professor Hansen violating the most? a. Confidentiality b. Deception c. Avoiding harm d. Institutional approval