SOLVED

211) Research studying modelling effects on drinking has shown that modelling affects ________. A) neither young men with family histories of alcoholism nor young men without family histories of alcoholism B) young men with family histories of alcoholism more than young men without family histories of alcoholism C) young men without family histories of alcoholism more than young men with family histories of alcoholism D) young men with family histories of alcoholism and young men without family histories of alcoholism 212) People who hold positive expectancies of a drug are ________. A) no more likely than others to use a drug or use large quantities of it B) more likely than others to use a drug, but no more likely than others to use large quantities of that drug C) no more likely than others to use a drug, but more likely to use large quantities of that drug if they do use it D) more likely than others to use a drug and more likely to use large quantities of that drug 213) Jeanne drinks alcohol because she believes that it reduces tension and helps her relax, become more sociable, and, in general, have a good time. She believes that people like her better when she’s had a few drinks and feels she can make more friends when she’s drunk than when she’s sober. Jeanne’s beliefs about what alcohol can do for her represent ________. A) outcome expectancies B) behavioural contingencies C) self-efficacy expectancies D) behavioural cues 214) Expectancies that alcohol will ________ are an especially important factor in prompting adolescent drinking. A) reduce tension B) enhance sexual performance C) make one more socially adept D) increase personal power 215) Cognitive theorists explain the “one-drink” effect as a ________. A) biochemical process B) self-awareness model C) cognitive lapse D) self-fulfilling prophecy 216) In an experiment in which both people with alcoholism and social drinkers were informed that they were drinking either alcoholic or nonalcoholic beverages, the crucial factor in how much they drank was ________. A) whether they suffered from alcoholism or were social drinkers B) their expectations about what they were drinking C) whether they actually drank alcohol or not D) their ages and socioeconomic backgrounds 217) The one-drink hypothesis exemplifies what Aaron Beck calls ________. A) emotional thinking B) impulsive thinking C) relativistic thinking D) absolutist thinking 218) According to psychodynamic theory, alcoholism reflects an ________ personality. A) oral-dependent B) oral-aggressive C) anal-retentive D) anal-expulsive 219) Abraham blames his violent behaviour on alcohol rather than taking responsibility for it. Abraham is using alcohol to protect his sense of self- ____________. A) efficacy B) esteem C) autonomy D) displacement 220) Mimi is a recovering alcoholic. She has one drink and then feels she has “fallen off the wagon” and escalates into a binge of drinking. Mimi’s behaviour could be explained as __________. A) self-efficacy expectancy B) absolutist thinking C) cue-exposure thinking D) cue-exposure expectancy