SOLVED

9-21) Which of the following is an example of a “nonexperimental” independent variable? a. The subject’s gender. b. The amount of time permitted to study a list of words. c. Whether or not the subjects receive a dose of a drug. d. none of the above 9-22) In factorial experiments, researchers can’t make cause-effect conclusions for a. ethical reasons. b. studies using animal subjects. c. subject variables. d. well-designed studies. 9-23) If a scale doesn’t measure some variable high enough, the study might contain a __________ effect. a. ceiling b. main c. interaction d. floor 9-24) If a scale doesn’t measure some variable low enough, the study might contain a __________ effect. a. ceiling b. main c. interaction d. floor 9-25) Hypotheses in factorial designs should provide specific predictions for a. each main effect being tested. b. each interaction being tested. c. neither a nor b d. both a and b 9-26) In a 2 x 2 factorial design, in terms of main effects and interactions, there are __________ possible outcome patterns of significant effects. a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 9-27) When the results of an analysis disconfirm the proposed hypotheses, researchers will often __________ in the eventual written report. a. try to explain why b. apologize c. make excuses d. ignore that fact 9-28) In a 2 x 2 factorial interaction plot, if the two lines on the graph are flat (horizontal), parallel, and separated vertically from each other, it would appear that the results could be summarized by saying that a. there is one significant main effect and a significant interaction effect. b. both main effects are significant and the interaction effect is significant. c. there is one significant main effect and no significant interaction effect. d. both main effects are significant, but the interaction effect is not. 9-29) In a 2 x 2 factorial interaction plot, if the two lines on the graph are sloped upward, parallel, and separated vertically from each other, it would appear that the results could be summarized by saying that a. there is one significant main effect and a significant interaction effect. b. both main effects are significant and the interaction effect is significant. c. there is one significant main effect and no significant interaction effect. d. both main effects are significant, but the interaction effect is not. 9-30) In a 2 x 2 factorial interaction plot, if the two lines on the graph are sloped upward, parallel, but not separated vertically from each other, it would appear that the results could be summarized by saying that a. there is one significant main effect and a significant interaction effect. b. both main effects are significant and the interaction effect is significant. c. there is one significant main effect and no significant interaction effect. d. both main effects are significant, but the interaction effect is not.