SOLVED

51) Mary is researching the experiences that AIDS patients have with community health organizations. She and her research assistant meet regularly with AIDS patients and advocates, discussing what health issues are most pressing for patients and how these issues could best be addressed. Her goal is to persuade legislators to increase the funding provided to community health care organizations. What research method/s is/are Mary using? a. participant observation b. participatory action research c. in-person surveying and advocacy d. quantitative interviews 52) Participatory action research a. must remain politically neutral. b. must contain both an action component and a collaboration component. c. must help improve the lives of the marginalized. d. must contain both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. 53) According to the texbook, “familism” occurs when a. researchers apply an extreme double standard towards single mothers. b. researchers use families as the smallest unit of analysis in situations where specific individuals are responsible for particular actions. c. researchers adopt a vision of the world through the male perspective. d. researchers assume families are entirely driven by the mother-nurturer role. 54) According to the textbook, terms such as “mankind” and “manmade” are examples of a. overgeneralization. b. sexual dichotomism. c. gender insensitivity. d. overspecificity. 55) One of the major principles of current research ethics is _______________, as upheld through current practices of _________________. a. respect for others, review boards b. academic freedom, review boards c. academic freedom, informed consent d. respect for others, informed consent 56) Amarnath is recruiting participants for a research study. Each participant is asked to fill out a questionnaire about his or her dating experiences. He hands each potential participant a page of information explaining how long the questionnaire will take, the risks that the participant might face, and the benefits that participating in the study might provide. What other information must Amarnath tell potential participants? a. Participating in the study is completely voluntary, and the participant has the right to withdraw at any time. b. Participation in the study is completely voluntary, but the participant must finish the questionnaire once it has been started. c. The risk to the individual participant will not outweigh benefits to the scientific community and wider society. d. the length and author of the questionnaire 57) Which of the following is NOT a criticism of ethical research guidelines? a. Current ethical guidelines are unsuitable to certain kinds of research. b. Current ethical guidelines are inflexible. c. Current ethical guidelines do not account for the possibility of psychological harm. d. Current ethical guidelines are very broad, and do not take unique circumstances into account. 58) Psychologist Philip Zimbardo is best known for conducting the infamous Stanford Prison Experiment. Which of the following research questions motivated Zimbardo’s study? a. “How are male-male sexual encounters initiated and negotiated?” b. “What happens when you put good people in an evil place?” c. “Under what circumstances are research participants willing to harm another person?” d. “Under what circumstances is obedience valued more highly than ethics?” 59) Ethical standards for research originally developed a. as a response to the racism that occurred in early scientific experiments. b. as a response to Humphrey’s Tearoom Trade study. c. as a response to the experiments conducted by Nazi doctors during the Second World War. d. as a response to the sexism that once existed in academic institutions. 60) Which of the following is NOT an ethical criticism of Milgram’s Obedience Study? a. Milgram’s participants were not fully informed about the nature of his study. b. Deception was used without good reason. c. Milgram’s participants may have suffered psychological harm from participating in the study. d. Milgram refused to pay his research participants.