SOLVED

21) Which of the following is TRUE of asthma in the pediatric patient? A) Bronchodilators are more effective in pediatric patients than in adults, and steroids are rarely indicated. B) Oxygen and nebulized beta agonists are indicated in the initial phase of an asthma attack. C) Bronchodilators are primarily effective when treating the second phase of an asthma attack. D) The primary therapeutic goal in the initial phase of an asthma attack is to rehydrate and administer mucolytic and anti-inflammatory agents. 22) Which of the following childhood respiratory diseases has increased dramatically over the past few decades? A) Pneumonia B) Croup C) Asthma D) Epiglottitis 23) Your patient is a 15-year-old male with a stab wound along the right sternal border at the fourth intercostal space. The patient responds to painful stimuli, and shows little evidence of external bleeding. His respirations are 30, his breath sounds are clear and equal, and his radial pulse is weak and disappears on inspiration. The patient has distended jugular veins and is dyspneic. This patient is most likely suffering from ________ shock due to ________. A) obstructive, pericardial tamponade B) hypovolemic, hemothorax C) distributive, loss of sympathetic nervous tone D) hypoxic, tension pneumothorax 24) Your patient is a three-year-old female who is unresponsive from ingesting several tablets of a tricyclic antidepressant. You are transporting her to the nearest hospital, which is 30 minutes away. Due to the child’s lack of a gag reflex, you are preparing to intubate. If time allows before attempting laryngoscopy, you should have an assistant ventilate the child with 100 percent oxygen for: A) 30 seconds. B) 2 minutes. C) 5 minutes. D) 1 minute. 25) Your patient is an 11-year-old male quadriplegic who depends on a phrenic nerve stimulator to stimulate contraction of his diaphragm and allow him to breathe. You are called to the home during a thunderstorm that has caused a power outage. Which of the following is the best course of action? A) Advise dispatch that you will be on the scene indefinitely and ask them to notify the power company that restoring power to this residence is a priority. B) Teach the patient’s family members how to use the bag-valve-mask device and let them know they can call you back to the scene if they have any questions or difficulty bagging the patient. C) Request a generator from the fire department tactical support division. D) Assist his breathing with a bag-valve-mask device and transport. 26) Your patient is a conscious eight-month-old infant who has a severe airway obstruction as a result of choking on a slice of canned peach. Which of the following is your FIRST intervention? A) A portable suction device, using a rigid tonsil tip and no more than 100 mmHg of vacuum B) The use of a manually triggered, flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device C) Abdominal thrusts interspersed with attempts to ventilate D) An alternating series of back blows and chest thrusts 27) Your patient is a toddler who was burned when he accidentally pulled the cord of a deep fryer sitting on a countertop and spilled hot oil on his head and back. He has burns to the back half of his head, as well as his entire back. What percentage of total body surface area does this account for? A) 36 percent B) 40 percent C) 27 percent D) 18 percent 28) Your patient is an eight-year-old female. As you approach her, you note that she is holding her right arm against her body, cradling it with the left arm. To find out what happened, which of the following is the best approach? A) Ask the parents to tell you what happened while you examine the child. B) Sit next to the patient, and ask her what happened. C) Take the parents aside, and ask them what happened. D) Ask the parents to leave the room so you can talk to the patient. 29) Your patient is a nine-month-old infant in respiratory distress with grunting respirations of 50 per minute, nasal flaring, and intercostal retractions. He is pale, and you note scattered bilateral wheezing on auscultation of the lungs. The mother states that the child is healthy and up-to-date on all his immunizations. Which of the following conditions is most likely, based on this information? A) New onset asthma B) Bacterial tracheitis C) Bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus D) Epiglottitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type b 30) Which of the following conditions does NOT cause an upper airway obstruction? A) Epiglottitis B) Croup C) Bacterial tracheitis D) Asthma