SOLVED

 Question 11 A female patient is concerned after learning that a person with whom she had a casual sexual encounter has been diagnosed as being HIV positive. Which other patient statement would the nurse evaluate as significant? 1. “I have not felt bad since the possible exposure.” 2. “We were only together for about a week and had sex 3 or 4 times.” 3. “I did have a cold and sore throat last week, but it has cleared up without problems.” 4. “I had a normal period just a few days after we broke up.” Question 12 A patient infected with HIV is being monitored for the development of AIDS. Which characteristics would the nurse monitor? 1. White blood count 2. CD4+T cell count 3. Presence of recurrent E. coli urinary tract infection 4. Presence of Pneumocystis jiroveci (PJP) infection 5. Presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) Question 13 A 55-year-old patient tells the nurse that he seems to be getting “more colds” as he gets older. Which possible explanation would the nurse have for this observation? 1. Aging causes the immune system to have difficulty determining self from non-self cells. 2. With aging, the body has increased difficulty recognizing mutated cells. 3. The thymus gland shrinks with aging, reducing the maturation and differentiation of T cells needed to fight infections. 4. The thyroid gland begins to malfunction after the 4th decade of life. Question 14 An elderly patient admitted with malnutrition begins to demonstrate signs of pneumonia. The nurse would explain which possible etiology of this pneumonia? 1. There is a lack of nutrients to support immune function. 2. Insufficient fluid intake has allowed bacteria to grow. 3. The patient’s malnutrition resulted from poor living conditions making infection more likely. 4. Poor nutrition has resulted in a deficiency of vitamin C. Question 15 A patient tells the nurse that it seems like the only time she gets a cold is when she is under higher than normal stress. What information should the nurse provide? 1. “You probably don’t eat as well when you are under stress.” 2. “You probably don’t rest and sleep as well when your stress is high.” 3. “Stress causes your body to have an autoimmune response.” 4. “Stress increases cortisol which suppresses your immune system.” Question 16 The nurse is assessing a patient for altered immunocompetence. Which findings would indicate that the patient is at risk for developing an immunocompetence-associated illness? 1. Slow wound healing and easy bruising 2. Bursitis and muscle cramps 3. Heart palpitations 4. Heartburn and increased flatus 5. Mouth sores and oral patches Question 17 The nurse is instructing a patient with a compromised immune status on the signs and symptoms of infections. What should be included in these instructions? 1. Increased sputum production 2. Cloudy urine 3. Irritated oral mucosa 4. Purulent wound drainage Question 18 A patient hospitalized for treatment of a mediastinal malignancy is at risk for developing superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. The nurse would monitor for the development of which signs of this disorder? 1. Headache 2. Distended neck veins 3. Flushed face 4. Decreased pedal pulses 5. Pain in the lower back Question 19 A patient receiving treatment for lymphoma suddenly becomes critically ill and is diagnosed with tumor lysis syndrome. The nurse would review laboratory results for which expected levels? 1. High serum phosphate 2. Low serum potassium 3. Low serum calcium 4. High uric acid 5. Hyponatremia Question 20 A patient being treated with isoniazid for tuberculosis develops symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The patient says, “I can’t believe that I am so sick. First I get TB and now this. What is going to happen to me?” What nursing response is indicated? 1. “You will have to learn to manage both the TB and the SLE.” 2. “Once your TB is cured, we can help you fight the SLE.” 3. “Often the SLE symptoms go away after the TB medication is changed.” 4. “Your immune system must be under a great deal of stress for both of these diseases to develop.”