SOLVED

1-31) Generally speaking, what is the relationship between models, hypotheses, and theories? a. Models and hypotheses are types of theories b. Theories and models are types of hypotheses c. Hypotheses and theories are types of models d. Models are types of theories, and theories are types of hypotheses 1-32) If a researcher wants to understand the effects of cocaine on human behavior by observing the effects of the drug on laboratory rats, the researcher would be making use of a(n) a. buffering hypothesis. b. pseudoscience. c. proven theory. d. animal model. 1-33) In scientific psychology, a __________ specifies a representation or description of the processes in a phenomenon and their relationships, rather than a full and organized explanation. a. theory b. hypothesis c. model d. construct 1-34) A __________ refers to a fairly specific prediction of the outcome of a scientific study. a. theory b. hypothesis c. model d. construct 1-35) A __________ is defined as a tentative explanation that pertains to a relatively narrow set of phenomena. a. theory b. hypothesis c. model d. construct 1-36) In scientific methodology, researchers tend to pursue four different goals: 1) description; 2) prediction; 3) understanding; and 4) a. proving b. funding c. publication d. application 1-37) Dr. Murphy is undertaking a research study in which he is trying to determine why and under what conditions the common cold tends to occur. In relation to the goals of science, Dr. Murphy appears to be focused on the goal of a. description. b. prediction. c. understanding. d. application. 1-38) The DSM-IVR is a diagnostic test that professionals in psychology use to help categorize various forms of mental disorders. In terms of the goals of science, the DSM-IVR appears to be mostly concerned with the goal of a. description. b. prediction. c. understanding. d. application. 1-39) Studies that demonstrate a relationship between one’s current level of stress and future chances of heart disease would be concerned mostly with which goal of science? a. description b. prediction c. understanding d. application 1-40) In a scientific study, the variable that is typically manipulated by the researcher and is presumed to influence the outcome of the study is known as the a. independent variable. b. dependent variable. c. control variable. d. confounded variable.