SOLVED

21.__________ theory seeks an understanding of how society makes distinctions based on age, with a special interest in differences and similarities between various age cohorts. a.Disengagementc.Activity b.Age stratificationd.Continuity 22.According to age stratification theory: a.older people should leave their previous roles, to make room for younger people to take over. b.older people should keep busy, meeting their social and psychological needs in different ways from what they did when they were younger. c.what is age-typical for one birth cohort is different from what it was for a previous birth cohort, and different from what it will be for the next birth cohort. d.all of the above 23.When age and gender are combined so that the most powerful positions are assigned to the oldest men, a/an __________ exists.  a.gerontocracyc.meritocracy b.matriarchyd.parentocracy 24.According to the conflict theory perspective on age stratification theory: a.modernization processes have had little effect on the elevated status position of the elderly in most of the modern world. b.compulsory retirement can put the elderly at financial risk, an acute problem since the current generation of elderly in the U.S. relies on Social Security as its most important source of income. c.modernization processes have worked to keep the elderly in a position to compete effectively with younger age cohorts. d.all of the above 25.__________ refers to the devaluation and negative stereotyping of the elderly. a.Ageologyc.Ageism b.Geronticided.Gerontocricity 26.According to the text, which of the following is a criticism of age stratification theory? a.The theory is based on the assumption that age stratification is the dominant force in the distribution of societal resources. b.There is contradictory evidence that modernization ushers in devaluation of the elderly. c.Gender, race, class, and even health are other variables that lead to social rewards and liabilities; age cannot be considered to be the most important variable. d.all of the above 27.According to the symbolic interaction theory on aging: a.if we are constrained by our environment, then we modify it; if we are constrained by our individual needs, then we adjust them. b.the behavioral choices of the elderly are for the most part rationally made, based on interpretations of others and shared symbolic meanings. c.negative stereotypes of the elderly can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy. d.all of the above 28.According to the text’s discussion of elderly minority group members: a.the poverty rate for elderly African Americans is triple the rate for older whites. b.while elderly African Americans have higher poverty rates and are in poorer health compared to elderly whites, they have significantly better morale. c.the poverty rate of elderly Hispanics is double that of older whites. d.all of the above 29.According to the text’s discussion regarding retirement: a.career women anticipate retiring at an earlier age, just as men do, but they use the resulting free time differently. b.a large majority of retirees do not experience a great deal of difficulty when they leave their jobs. c.when social contacts are maintained, satisfaction with retirement and leisure activities also increases. d.all of the above 30.Which of the following reflects the most important determinants of satisfaction with retirement? a.close family ties and health b.health and financial status c.having a spouse and close family ties d.financial status and having a spouse/partner