SOLVED

31) Audience members at hypnosis demonstrations are often amazed by seemingly extraordinary events. They seem to have failed to realise that the persons who are on stage demonstrating the power of hypnosis were selected for their a. reactivity. b. suggestibility. c. gullibility. d. flexibility. 32) The use of hypnosis seems to be an effective treatment option for all of the following types of conditions EXCEPT a. pain. b. serious psychological problems. c. habit disorders like smoking. d. therapies for anxiety. 33) ________ occurs when people require larger amounts of a drug to experience the same effects experienced during their initial usage. a. Satiety b. Physical withdrawal c. Psychological withdrawal d. Tolerance 34) In Pavlov’s “salivating dogs” studies, the salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was the a. conditioned stimulus. b. unconditioned stimulus. c. conditioned response. d. unconditioned response. 35) While on a cruiseship, Kevin became sick after eating a seafood dinner. His food poisoning coupled with sea sickness led to a terrible vacation and consequently Kevin shivers at the mere sight of cruiseships. Kevin’s behaviour illustrates the process of a. discrimination. b. scapegoating. c. acquisition. d. generalization. 36) Regarding operant conditioning, which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement? a. A student is sent to detention for fighting. b. A student loses earned free time for playing with lab equipment. c. A student turns in neater homework when the teacher praises neatness. d. A student is exempted from a weekly quiz for exemplary homework. 37) Which of the following is TRUE regarding schedules of reinforcement? a. Partial reinforcement allows for new behaviours to be learned more quickly as compared to continuous reinforcement. b. Continuous reinforcement schedules involve reinforcing behaviour based on fixed time interval schedules. c. Continuous reinforcement of target behaviour leads to greater resistance to extinction than does partial reinforcement. d. Partial reinforcement of target behaviour leads to greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement. 38) Which of the following describes the main difference between observational learning and operant conditioning? a. Observational learning uses punishment and reinforcement of models to condition the behaviours of observers. b. Observational learning uses mainly punishment to condition behaviour as compared to operant conditioning, which uses both reinforcement and punishment. c. Observational learning uses different schedules of punishment and reinforcement to condition behaviours as compared to operant conditioning. d. Observational learning uses mainly reinforcement to condition behaviour as compared to operant conditioning, which uses both reinforcement and punishment. 39) Hideki and Thao are reviewing for an exam. Thao asks the following question: “What term refers to how people use information from the past in the present?” Hideki would be most correct if he answered a. elaborative rehearsal. b. suggestive memory. c. encoding. d. memory. 40) What system of memory has the largest span and longest duration? a. Long-term memory b. Flashbulb memory c. Short-term memory d. Sensory memory