SOLVED

81. The best way of understanding the relationship between genetic and environmental influences on the development of intelligence is to conclude that: a. genes are much more important than environment b. the environment is much more important than genes c. genetic and environmental factors interact and influence each other d. genetic and environmental factors operate independently, but both influence intelligence development 82. Today, in developed economies about  _______ of adolescents can read; in sub-Saharan Africa, this percentage is about _______: a. 99%; 70% b. 90%; 60% c. 95%; 40% d. 95%; 33% 83. In a study investigating the time public school teachers spend in various classroom activities, teachers were found to spend about ____ % of the time in a 30-minute lesson on academic work. a. 10-15 b. 30-40 c. 55-70 d. 85-90 84. Generalizing from conclusions drawn in the text, if you were to advise a new elementary school teacher about how she would spend her time, you would suggest that she try to ________ her time spent on classroom management and __________ her time spent on teaching and learning activities. a. maximize; maximize b. minimize; minimize c. maximize; minimize d. minimize; maximize 85. The text concludes that group learning has been found to positively affect students’ self-esteem, especially when the students are: a. boys b. girls c. younger d. older 86. If you were interested in increasing the self-esteem of grade school students, and you wanted to promote effective learning, you should recommend using all of the following techniques EXCEPT: a. creating a highly competitive environment, so that children had to perform or they would fail b. using cooperative learning strategies, where students had to work together c. assigning small-group projects and activities d. assigning projects that require in-depth inquiry, where students have to persist in the learning task in order to complete it successfully 87. According to David McClelland, all children seek to be successful. He referred to this need for success and excellence as: a. excellence orientation b. achievement motivation c. persistence motivation d. the need for success 8 Tommy appears to not care at all about the quality of the school work he does. When asked, he says things like: “School is stupid. No one should try hard. Learning is useless.” Using the terms identified by David McClelland, you would conclude that Tommy has: a. very low achievement motivation b. very high need for excellence c. very low autonomy d. a low “pride” quotient 89. Which of the following statements best summarizes the findings about gender differences in school success: a. Girls outperform boys in quantitative and spatial tasks; boys outperform girls in verbal b. Girls outperform boys in verbal skills and boys outperform girls in quantitative and spatial tasks. c. Girls outperform boys in verbal skills and quantitative and spatial tasks. d. Boys outperform girls in verbal skills and quantitative and spatial tasks. 90. Generalizing from research cited in the text, if a high-achieving child suddenly began to focus on social popularity rather than academic achievement, the best guess is that this child was: a. a second grade boy b. a second grade girl c. a sixth grade boy d. a sixth grade girl