SOLVED

61 Erik Erikson believed that human development proceeds through a series of planned, biologically programmed stages. He referred to this idea as: a. maturational selection b. evolution c. the epigenetic principle d. natural selection 62. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development focus on: a. pleasurable erogenous zones b. a hierarchy of needs c. predictable conflicts throughout the lifespan d. the interactions of the id, ego, and superego 63. According to Erik Erikson, there are ____ stages of human development. a. 2 b. 3 c. 6 d. 8 64. What is the positive outcome of Erikson’s stage of “autonomy versus shame and doubt”? a. feelings of trust b. development of a sense of competence c. development of a sense of initiative d. self-sufficiency 65. According to Erik Erikson, it is typical for individuals to consider their lives and to judge themselves. If they are satisfied with their lives, they have a sense of integrity. If they are not satisfied with their lives, they may have a sense of despair. At what age are adults most likely to experience this developmental conflict? a. in their 20s b. in their 40s c. in their 50s d. in their 60s or later 66. This researcher proposed that children between the ages of 3 and 6 years might develop feelings of guilt if they are severely criticized or punished for their own actions. a. Sigmund Freud b. Jean Piaget c. Erik Erikson d. Urie Bronfenbrenner 67. A child who is just beginning first grade most likely would be entering which of Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development? a. ego identity vs. ego diffusion b. initiative vs. guilt c. intimacy vs. isolation d. industry vs. inferiority 68. Erik Erikson proposed that a person who was focused on resolving the conflict between developing trust versus mistrust would likely be about how old? a. birth to age 1 year b. age 6-12 years c. age 3-6 years d. age 12-18 years 69. David states that the appropriate subject matter for students of human development to study is how people act. He argues that scientists have no business studying how people think or feel, because thoughts and feelings cannot be directly observed. David’s ideas are most similar to those advocated by: a. B. F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov b. Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson c. Lev Vygotsky d. Jean Piaget 70. Suppose that Peggy once became ill after eating pizza. Now anytime that she smells pizza she starts to feel queasy. Peggy’s situation has most likely developed as the result of: a. adaptation b. assimilation c. classical conditioning d. operant conditioning