SOLVED

191) Research evidence suggests that a genetic vulnerability to alcohol may involve a combination of getting relatively ________ pleasure from the drug and a ________ biological tolerance for the drug. A) less; lower B) greater; lower C) less; greater D) greater; greater 192) A recent study of the metabolization of alcohol found that men with family members who suffer from alcoholism ________. A) do not metabolize alcohol B) metabolize alcohol more slowly than men who are nonalcoholics C) metabolize alcohol at the same rate as men who are nonalcoholics D) metabolize alcohol more quickly than men who are nonalcoholics 193) Many agree that alcohol and drug problems are due to a combination of environment and __________ factors in men but are entirely due to __________ factors in women. A) physical; genetic B) physical; environmental C) genetic; environmental D) genetic; learning 194) There is evidence that some types of family experiences, such as _________, promote the development of alcohol problems. A) types of parenting B) divorce C) domestic violence D) child abuse 195) The learning perspective regards substance abuse problems as __________. A) the result of faulty thinking B) problem habits C) symptoms of disease D) a combination of disease and faulty thinking 196) Learning theories stress that the most powerful factor in people becoming dependent on drugs such as cocaine is ________ reinforcement. A) positive B) negative C) social D) delayed 197) Rhesus monkeys will work continuously for _______ until they die. A) cocaine B) alcohol C) opiates D) nicotine 198) In the case of _______, people learn the drug can produce reinforcing effects, such as feelings of euphoria and reductions in states of anxiety and tension A) cocaine B) alcohol C) amphetamines D) barbiturates 199) Once people have developed a dependence on drugs, ________ plays the major role in the maintenance of their drug habits. A) positive reinforcement B) negative reinforcement C) intermittent reinforcement D) delayed reinforcement 200) Drugs, including nicotine from cigarette smoking, may also be used as a form of self-medication for _______. A) anxiety B) depression C) cancer D) none of the above; it is not used to self-medicate