10.4.  Short-answer questions 1. Imagine that a store-owner is experiencing an unpleasant state of emotions caused by a mismatch (disparity) between his belief that anger is inappropriate and his angry reaction to the rude behavior of a foreign tourist. What is the psychological term for this state? 2. The Collectivist pattern of high Power Distance and low Individualism is believed to be common in which countries? 3. If a person has a deep-seated belief that all individuals are equals and must share basic interests and receive similar treatment, he/she holds a(n) _____________ value system? 4. Name the two basic views of morality and justice mentioned in the text. 5. A dogmatic person would likely respond to new information in a ___________ manner. 6. Studies suggest that individuals from ___________ countries are more likely to employ an unassuming bias in explanations of success and failure. 7. What kinds of emotional experiences are commonly associated with cognitive dissonance? 8. If a person has a fundamental belief in the legitimacy of an unequal distribution of power, resources, and social roles, they are supporting the notion of a(n)________. 9. Describe two cognitive mistakes related to the perception of similarities and differences between groups that may cause stereotypical judgments. 10. Imagine you come across an interview in which a United Nations consultant suggests that both Israelis and Palestinians should find either an “internal†or “external†enemy through which to vent (discharge) their unconscious frustration. This advice reflects the assumptions of which psychological theory? 11. International surveys show that Americans, for the most part, are described as___________________. 12. One of the most comprehensive international studies across 49 countries comparing various