SOLVED

41.According to the text’s discussion of the contingency work force: a.Contingency workers grew by 250% between 1985 and 1995 at the same time that the overall number of workers increased by less than 20%. b.Large numbers of highly skilled workers are now taking contingency jobs. c.Early in the twenty-first century, a majority of all employees are expected to be contingency workers. d.all of the above 42.According to the text’s discussion of work: a.work provides nothing more than a paycheck. b.work is a critical element in shaping people’s identities in modern societies. c.researchers find a fairly low level of job satisfaction among American workers. d.all of the above 43.Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of telecommuting? a.Telecommuting allows workers more autonomy. b.Telecommuting may contribute to isolation. c.Telecommuting allows people living in remote areas to take jobs previously held only by city dwellers. d.Telecommuting eliminates wasted time driving in traffic every day. 44.According to Max Weber’s analysis of Protestantism and the rise of capitalism: a.Protestantism held back the development of capitalism for years. b.Protestantism, even with its argument with the dominant Roman Catholic Church, still supported the economic status quo. c.Protestantism, with its emphasis on worldly success and frugality, fostered the rise of capitalism. d.all of the above 45.Which of the following is/are among the possible attractions of becoming a garbage collector? a.variety b.a sense of camaraderie among workers c.being one’s own boss d.all of the above 46.According to Marx, alienation is: a.weaker in industrial societies because workers no longer engage in manual labor. b.based on employers’ dissatisfaction with workers’ productivity. c.rooted in workers’ feelings of meaninglessness because they do not see how their efforts contribute to the final outcome or product. d.all of the above 47.According to the text’s discussion of alienation and work: a.today, many Americans seem to deliberately seek out alienating work situations. b.assembly-line work provides employee autonomy. c.de-skilled jobs do not affect the sense of pride in one’s work. d.all of the above 48.Few modern researchers make use of Marx’s structural concept of alienation; they tend instead to study the loosely similar social-psychological condition termed: a.meaninglessness. b.job satisfaction. c.powerlessness. d.helplessness. 49.According to the text’s discussion of women in the workplace: a.working women’s problems today are less likely to result from a company’s formal policies than from its informal norms, sometimes referred to as its organizational culture. b.most women at the upper levels of their organizations prefer to adopt more of the masculine gender role traits while at work. c.even women in dead-end jobs tend to center their lives around the organization and relationships developed on the job. d.all of the above 50.The type of unemployment that results from a mismatch between the skills of the work force and the current needs of the economy is called: a.seasonal unemployment.c.cyclical unemployment. b.contingency unemployment.d.structural unemployment. 51.If you were an expert assembly-line mechanic, and unable to find work, the type of unemployment you would be experiencing would be: a.seasonal unemployment.c.cyclical unemployment. b.contingency unemployment.d.structural unemployment. 52.According to the text, discouraged workers are those who: a.would prefer full-time employment. b.are working, but at jobs that do not make full use of their skills. c.have given up looking for jobs. d.have been unemployed for more than ten years. 53.People who are working at jobs that do not make use of their skills are referred to as: a.alienated.c.underutilized. b.underemployed.d.deskilled. 54.Which of the groups listed below has the highest unemployment rate? a.African-Americansc.high school graduates b.malesd.females 55. According to sociologist Gary Marx, we are at risk of becoming a/an “__________ society.”      a.alienatedc.  surveillance      b.underutilizedd.  deskilled