SOLVED

41)When the characteristics of a sample define the population to which we can generalize, the sample is termed A)an ad hoc sample. B)a post hoc sample. C)a random sample. D)a stratified random sample. 42)In an experiment, it is of great importance to employ A)biased participant assignment. B)systematic manipulations of the dependent variable. C)payment of participants in order not to rely on volunteers. D)random assignment of participants to conditions. 43)In experimental designs, random assignment of participants helps to reduce threats to A)internal validity. B)external validity. C)construct validity. D)statistical validity. 44)Random assignment of participants to conditions reduces threats to A)statistical validity. B)internal validity. C)construct validity. D)external validity. 45)In using an ad hoc sample, the researcher should A)use the table of random numbers. B)not obtain descriptive information about participants, because it would bias the results. C)obtain sufficient descriptive information about participants to establish the limits for generalization. D)be cautious about internal validity. 46)In assigning participants to conditions, it is essential that the A)experimental and control groups are equal prior to the manipulation. B)experimental and control group are equal following the manipulation. C)experimental and control conditions are identical. D)experimental and control conditions are impossible. 47)Major potential confounding variables are NOT controlled for by the use of A)equal sample sizes. B)unbiased participant assignment. C)matched random assignment. D)inclusion of appropriate control group or conditions. 48)Which of the following statements is correct about experiments? A)Random assignment of participants to conditions is more important than random selection of participants. B)Random assignment of participants to conditions is less important than random selection of participants. C)Random assignment of participants and random selection of participants are equally important. D)Random assignment of researchers and participants to conditions are equally important. 49)Free random assignment of participants to conditions is typically carried out by the use of A)participants’ preferences. B)a random number generator. C)researchers’ preferences. D)drawing straws. 50)Randomization in selection and assignment can control A)only one variable at a time. B)for threats to external validity but not for threats to internal validity. C)for many variables simultaneously. D)for threats to internal validity but not for threats to external validity. Â