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Chapter 11 Question 1 A patient is being admitted for treatment of pneumothorax. The nurse would anticipate providing care for a patient with which pathophysiology? 1. Prolonged expiratory time 2. Increased lung compliance 3. Reduced tidal volume 4. Hyper-inflated lungs Question 2 A patient is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. The nurse will anticipate providing care for a patient with which change in lung function? 1. Decreased total lung capacity 2. Progressive respiratory alkalosis 3. Increased PaCO2 4. Increased forced expiratory volume (FEV) Question 3 A patient tells the nurse that when he is exposed to cigarette smoke he begins to get short of breath, starts coughing, and gets a “high pitched noise” in his lungs when he breathes. The nurse would ask additional assessment questions about which pulmonary disorder? 1. COPD 2. Asthma 3. Emphysema 4. Pneumonia Question 4 The nurse is caring for a patient with obstructive pulmonary disease who had tachycardia, tachypnea, and restlessness. The patient has become very lethargic, but has a normal respiratory rate. The nurse should evaluate this change as indicating which condition? 1. The patient is now able to rest and sleep. 2. The patient’s condition has significantly deteriorated. 3. The patient’s condition shows some slight improvement. 4. The patient’s condition has stabilized significantly. Question 5 A patient with pneumonia is restless and confused with increased blood pressure and respiratory rate. PaO2 is less than 60 mm Hg with a normal PaCO2. What conclusion can the nurse draw regarding this patient? 1. The patient has ventilation failure. 2. Without treatment the patient’s oxygen saturation is likely to drop rapidly. 3. The patient has decreased airflow. 4. The patient is at risk for respiratory muscle fatigue. 5. Acute respiratory failure is present. Question 6 The nurse working in an intensive care unit is alert to the development of ALI/ARDS. The nurse would monitor which patients most closely for this complication? 1. A patient who sustained a severe chest contusion. 2. A patient hospitalized for treatment of drug overdose. 3. A patient who sustained severe head trauma. 4. A patient hospitalized for treatment of pneumonia. 5. A patient diagnosed with sepsis. Question 7 The nurse is caring for a patient with ARDS. Which finding would indicate that the disease is progressing? 1. Increased lung compliance 2. Decrease in heart rate 3. Hypoxemia refractory to oxygen therapy 4. Respiratory acidosis Question 8 A patient diagnosed with ARDS is being mechanically ventilated with 12 cm of PEEP. On assessment, the nurse notes deterioration of vital signs and absent breath sounds in the right lung field. The nurse intervenes immediately due to the presence of which most likely complication? 1. Obstructed endotracheal tube 2. Increased severity of ARDS 3. Decreased cardiac output 4. Pneumothorax Question 9 The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained a fractured femur from a motor vehicle accident 1 day ago. The patient is anxious, restless, appears short of breath, and requests pain medication for chest discomfort. Which nursing intervention is priority? 1. Administer pain medication as ordered. 2. Increase intravenous fluids. 3. Evaluate the patient’s oxygen saturation. 4. Help the patient assume a more comfortable position. Question 10 The patient’s Wells Score indicate intermediate risk for the development of pulmonary embolism. Which nursing interventions would help reduce this risk? 1. Monitor daily D-dimer levels. 2. Strictly measure all intake and output. 3. Encourage ambulation. 4. Instruct the patient on use of antiembolism stockings. 5. Prevention of leg injury