SOLVED

61) The 1986 Challenger space shuttle explosion was the result of a. mob action. b. deindividuation. c. blind obedience. d. groupthink. 62) _________________ occurs when group discussion strengthens the dominant position held by individual group members, whereas ________________ involves an emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking. a. Obedience; conformity b. Conformity; obedience c. Groupthink; group polarization d. Group polarization; groupthink 63) The launch and subsequent explosion of the space shuttle Challenger in 1986, despite warnings of danger from NASA engineers that parts might malfunction due to weather conditions, demonstrates the concept of ___________________. a. conformity b. groupthink c. obedience d. group polarization 64) Pretend you are a juror in a murder trial and your task is to come to a unanimous verdict of either guilty or not guilty. The jury takes an initial poll to determine how all jurors vote, and find out that 10 members would think the suspect is guilty and only 2 jurors think the suspect is not guilty. Following the vote, the jurors engage in a short discussion, which strengthens the dominant view that the suspect is guilty, and all members vote for a guilty verdict. Based on the information provided, it is likely that ___________________ influenced jury-decision making. a. conformity b. obedience c. deindividuation d. group polarization 65) Which of the following statements is most likely to contribute to groupthink? a. “Let’s hear some differing opinions.” b. “What do you think?” c. “I’m sure we all agree on this.” d. “We need to look at all of the evidence.” 66) Research suggests that cults promote groupthink in the following ways except a. having a persuasive leader who fosters loyalty. b. connecting group members to the outside world. c. discouraging questioning of the group’s or leader’s assumptions. d. utilizing training practices that gradually indoctrinate members. 67) Cults are to _______________ as Abu Ghraib is to _______________. a. deindividuation; groupthink b. group polarization; conformity c. groupthink; deindividuation d. conformity; group polarization 68) Which of the following is not a misconception held about cults? a. Cult leaders likely suffer from serious mental illness. b. Cult members are emotionally disturbed. c. All cult members are brainwashed. d. Cult members have a death wish and unquestioningly follow a leader. 69) You can teach people to resist the influences of cults by exposing them to information consistent with cult beliefs, and then debunking that information. This reflects the _____________________ and is effective at immunizing people from undesirable beliefs. a. parametric effect b. inoculation effect c. social comparison effect d. autokinetic effect 70) ________ is the treatment in which people are first introduced to the reasons why a belief seems to be correct, and then exposed to the reasons why the belief is incorrect. a. Brainwashing b. Groupthink c. The bystander effect d. Inoculation