SOLVED

41. Although Sid has never had any vision problems, now that he is in his 40s, he finds that he has to hold the newspaper almost at arm’s length just to read it. The numbers in the phone book and the writing on medicine labels have become almost impossible to read. Sid most likely is showing signs of which vision problem? a. astigmatism b. macular degeneration c. presbyopia d. mypoia 42. Which of the following is/are TRUE regarding vision and hearing as one gets older? a. As one ages, the lens becomes increasingly dense and inflexible as new cell layers form. b. All adults eventually develop some degree of presbyopia, a condition in which close objects appear blurry. c. Most people still have good hearing for normal speech in their 40s with minor difficulty occurring when speech signals become unclear. d. All of these statements are true. 43. Mr. and Mrs. Abbot often disagree with their adolescent and college-age children over how loud the volume needs to be on the television. This disagreement is due to all of the following reasons EXCEPT to a. a significant loss of hearing that occurs for normal speech during one’s forties. b. one’s difficulty in listening to the television with voices in the background. c. one’s difficulty in listening to speech that is interrupted. d. to unclear speech signals. 44. Which of the following is/are TRUE regarding hearing loss? a. More 18-to 24-year-old men, who frequently listen to loud music or have worked in a noisy occupation for six months or more, are developing permanent hearing losses. b. Permanent hearing loss can occur whenever you are exposed to noise at 110 decibels or higher for more than a minute. c. Permanent hearing loss can occur with prolonged exposure to any noise above 90 decibels. d. All of these statements are true. 45. Which of the following sounds are usually 140 decibels or more? a. lawn mowers b. motorcycles c. rock concerts d. chainsaws 46. Which of the following is FALSE regarding noise-induced hearing loss? a. Because modern life is so noisy, many people now show diminished hearing by young adulthood. b. Young adults should minimize their exposure to noise and regularly wear ear protection for noisy activities. c. The noise level of a chainsaw or motorcycle is louder than a rock concert. d. Permanent hearing loss can occur whenever one is exposed to noise at 110 decibels or higher for more than a minute. 47. Using distance bikers as an example of how the body manages physical challenges, the first ten minutes of a ride feel surprisingly difficult as the body makes numerous adjustments to deliver more oxygen and nutrients to muscles. Then a state of __________, or balance, is achieved, and the rider is “in the groove” until fatigue sets in. Afterward, there is a predictable period of recovery, followed by the urge to ride again. a. homeostasis b. basal metabolism c. congruence. d. equilibration 48. Older bodies a. take longer to achieve homeostasis. b. have difficulty maintaining a high state of performance. c. recover more slowly from fatigue. d. experience all of these. 49. As one ages, all of the following physical changes occur EXCEPT for which one? a. the amount of oxygen delivered to the blood decreases b. the ability of the heart to move blood through the body declines c. the physical changes begin to significantly interfere with our ability to perform routine tasks between 35 and 50 years of age d. the body becoming less efficient at clearing out its metabolic by-products 50. The body continuously removes old bone and creates new bone through a process called a. bone calcification. b. bone remodeling. c. skeletal alignment. d. skeletal metabolism.