SOLVED

51. _________ has been used to decrease the metabolic activity of animals and extend their life expectancy. a. Free radicals b. Exercise c. Calorie restriction d. Antioxidants 52. Which of the following is FALSE regarding approaches to extending the life span? a. Laboratory animals fed large amounts of antioxidants live longer and develop cancer and cardiovascular disease later. b. Exercise can improve your quality of life and forestall heart problems, but there is no evidence that staying fit alters the basic limits of the human life span. c. Severely restricting the calorie intake of rats without producing malnutrition decreases their metabolic activity and extends life expectancy. d. The benefits of boosting hormone levels have been found to far outweigh the risks of this approach. 53. In humans, a calorie-restricted diet has been shown to a. lower blood pressure. b. lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels. c. increase resistance to colds and flu. d. do all of these. 54. The __________ is one of American’s longest-running studies of human aging and began in 1958. a. Hayflick Longitudinal Study of Aging b. Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging c. Minnesota Multiphasic Study of Aging d. American Cohort Study of Aging 55. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging? a. This study was begun in 1958. b. Currently, more than 1,400 study volunteers receive free physical exams and medical screening tests every two years. c. Researchers are trying to separate the changes that result from disease and those that represent normal aging. d. Because longitudinal studies follow the same people over time, this project is unable to separate cohort effects from the effects of biological aging. 56. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the main features we use to judge how old people are? a. skin b. weight c. hair d. teeth 57. After 50, further loss of the protein _______ and an excess of the protein ________ reduce the elasticity of our skin and speed wrinkle formation. a. leptin; elastin b. collagen; leptin c. collagen; elastin d. elastin; collagen 58. Individual hairs become gray as pigment-producing cells in the hair bulbs die at an age and rate that depends on one’s a. heredity. b. exposure to the sun. c. nutrition. d. exposure to chemicals, such as hair dyes. 59. Which of the following is FALSE regarding changes in hair due to aging? a. The hair on our heads becomes thinner due to fewer hairs and thinner strands, especially after age 65. b. By age 70, about 35 percent of men have experienced little or no balding. c. Due to hormonal shifts after menopause, baldness also begins to show up in some women. d. Many older women experience thicker and darker facial hair, while older men see more hair in their ears, noses, and eyebrows. 60. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding what people look like after 50? a. The majority of older people in the United States still have their own teeth. b. Those who avoided the sun have fewer wrinkles than their sun-worshiping friends. c. Next to wrinkles, the “middle-age spread” in the abdomen area is the most obvious sign of aging. d. Even the healthiest 50-or 60-year-old has a look of maturity that will never be mistaken for a 30-year-old.