SOLVED

11.During the Eisenhower administration, official American policy for a Soviet attack on western Europe called for a.massive nuclear retaliation against the USSR. b.response with conventional military forces. c.intense negotiations mediated by the United Nations. d.western Europe to defend itself, with the United States supplying financial aid. 12.One trend in governmental spending during the 1950s was a.cutting all social reform programs. b.a significant increase in defense spending. c.providing no new educational programs. d.a lack of funding for containment efforts. 13. Effects of the Soviet Union’s launching of Sputnik included all of the following EXCEPT a.many Americans believed that Sputnik’s inferior quality revealed American superiority. b.American schools placed stronger emphasis on math and science courses. c.the National Aeronautics and Space Administration was created by Congress. d.Congress supported college and post-graduate study with the National Defense Education Act. 14. One of the pitfalls of the U.S. policy of containment was that it a.weakened relations with Great Britain. b.often caused America to support undemocratic regimes. c.caused a debilitating recession in the mid-1960s. d.closed American markets in western Europe. 15.In 1956, the Soviet Union used military force to suppress an uprising in a.North Korea. b.Greece. c.Hungary. d.Egypt. 16.During the Eisenhower presidency, disarmament was set back for years after a.the Soviet Union installed offensive nuclear weapons in Cuba. b.Eisenhower committed 500,000 American troops to Vietnam. c.the United States refused to apologize for the use of U-2 spy planes. d.the Soviet Union was left out of the Warsaw Pact. 17. John Kennedy’s New Frontier focused on a.providing tax breaks for poor Americans. b.creating a new era of scientific and social progress. c.reforming the nation’s medical system. d.rebuilding the nation’s transportation infrastructure. 18. In the incident at the Bay of Pigs, the United States a.failed to overthrow Fidel Castro with a CIA-backed invasion. b.toppled the regime of Ngo Dinh Diem. c.threatened to use atomic weapons against Communists in southeast Asia. d.showed that its policy regarding Communism was now more tolerant. 19. The Viet Cong a.benefited from the financial backing of the United States. b.gained strength as insurgents in the Vietnamese countryside. c.helped the United States establish a policy of containment in Vietnam. d.earned little support for their cause in South Vietnam. 20. The Cuban Missile Crisis began when a.President Johnson escalated the use of ground troops in Southeast Asia. b.the U.S.S. Maddox was hit by Communist fire in the Gulf of Tonkin. c.the United States discovered that the USSR was installing offensive nuclear weapons in Cuba. d.the United States refused to back rebel forces in Hungary.