SOLVED

131. A college student, who is exhibiting dualism, a. sees information as either “right or wrong” or “good or bad.” b. believes that the teacher should stick to the facts and do less theorizing. c. will find it difficult to distinguish the main points from supportive information. d. is characterized by all of these statements. 132. A college student, who is exhibiting dualism, a. sees information as either “right or wrong” or “good or bad.” b. has developed formal operational thinking. c. can remember facts as they pertain to larger ideas. d. is characterized by all of these statements. 133. College students who are exhibiting relativism a. have developed formal operations. b. have abandoned the idea that there are absolute truths, which apply to every situation.. c. can remember facts as they pertain to larger ideas. d. are characterized by all of these statements. 134. College students who are exhibiting relativism a. reason mostly at the level of concrete operations. b. have abandoned the idea that there are absolute truths, which apply to every situation. c. find it difficult to distinguish the main points from supportive information. d. are characterized by all of these statements. 135. College students who are exhibiting ________ can organize information into concepts, can remember facts as they remember facts as they pertain to larger ideas and are not longer prisoners of rote memorization. However, a downside to these accomplishments is the possibility of believing that “everything is relative” means that “nothing matters.” a. relativism b. commitments in relativism c. crystallization d. dualism 136. As students progress through college, those who exhibit ___________ believe that they can make informed decisions even though new information may come along to change their opinion. In this way, they can begin to enjoy an “examined life”; that is, the joy of analyzing situations and deciding for oneself. a. relativism b. commitments in relativism c. crystallization d. dualism 137. Shannon is a college senior, who knows that she can make informed decisions even though new information may come along to change her opinion. She has also come to realize that different answers are correct in different contexts. According to Perry, Shannon is beginning to enjoy an “examined life,” and is exhibiting a. relativism. b. commitments in relativism. c. crystallization. d. dualism. 138. Regarding his three ways that college students approach college, Perry believed a. that gender, race, and culture influence how students approach learning in various contexts. b. that learners always approach knowledge from a variety of different standpoints and may reason from one position in psychology class and another in philosophy class. c. that there was a general tendency for students’ reasoning ability to evolve throughout college. d. all of these statements. 139. By interviewing students about controversial issues, King and Kitchener found that a. college seniors were more likely than college freshmen to blindly accept the conclusion of an authority figure. b. college seniors were more likely than college freshmen to evaluate evidence. c. doctoral students were more likely than college seniors to show reflective judgment. d. all of these were true. 140. __________ is the ability to reason dialectically and defend your choices. a. Reflective judgment b. Cognitive dissonance c. Convergent thinking d. Divergent thinking