SOLVED

11) Items found in the trash or on the floor of the theatre after a movie has concluded are examples of A) traces. B) erosion. C) accretion. D) hash marks. E) vital statistics. 12 Which of the following is an example of an unobtrusive measure? A) A telephone interview with voters asking them how they intend to vote B) A three-week laboratory experiment to see whether students who participate in an exercise program lose more weight than those who follow a special diet C) A mailed questionnaire to mayors asking whether their town has an evacuation plan in case of a nuclear power plant disaster D) Research on graffiti in a high-income neighbourhood E) All of the above 13) Professor Ernie Easter has a list of measures on the French influence in the Moncton,New Brunswick, area. He asked you to identify the one that is NOT an unobtrusive measure. Which one is it? A) The wear on novels in Moncton public libraries written in French B) Walking down a street in Moncton and noticing that most of the signs in stores in a neighbourhood are in French C) A list of votes supporting bills on bilingual education in the New Brunswick legislature with the area represented by each legislator noted on the list D) A box of 300 letters written by people living in Moncton to relatives living in French-speaking areas outside the province (e.g., Quebec) between 1980 and 1985 E) A survey using a three-page questionnaire partly written in French that was distributed to residents of a neighbourhood 14) Which of the following nonreactive measures is an example of observation? A) Examining children’s toys at a daycare to determine which ones are most popular as indicated by their wear-and-tear B) Examining garbage bins in a neighbourhood to determine nutritional habits C) Examining marriage records in an archive in order to compare marriage patterns among different communities over time D) An examination of high school yearbooks to compare the high school activities of those who had psychological problems in later life versus those who did not E) Counting and comparing the number of men and women who come to a complete stop at a stop sign to determine driving habits by gender 15) What is the most common type of sampling used in content analysis? A) Snowball B) Quota C) Probabilistic or random D) Judgmental E) None, sampling does not occur 16) Quantitative content analysis involves ________, ________, and operational definitions for abstract concepts. A) nonrandom sampling, reactive measures B) snowball sampling, intrusive measures C) random sampling, precise measurement D) unstructured observation, unobtrusive measures E) nonrandom sampling, coding 17) Which of the following characteristics best describes a coding system that codes for the direction of text content? A) Recording the size of a text message or the amount of space or volume that the text occupies B) Recording the strength or power of the content of a specific text C) Noting the content of a message in the content along some continuum D) Specifying a set of instructions to explain how to convert the symbolic content of text into quantitative data E) Counting whether or not something occurs in the text and, if so, how often that occurrence takes place 18) Professor Aaron Acorn counts the number of total people and the percentage who are Asian in a sample of 400 TV commercials shown during a one-month period on two Vancouver area stations. He wants to see whether the percentage of Asians in commercials equals, is greater than, or is less than the percentage of Asians in the area population. He is using A) latent structure measurement. B) generic content coding. C) manifest content coding. D) corroborative coding. E) latent content coding. 19) Professor Lorna Lovebird codes the number of times the word sex is used in commercials. She is examining A) lateral structure. B) ecological content. C) manifest content. D) corroboration. E) latent content. 20) Compared to latent coding in content analysis, manifest coding usually has A) greater reliability than latent coding. B) lower rates of intercoder reliability. C) greater validity than latent coding. D) lower reliability than latent coding. E) subjective meanings associated with the codes.