397) Distinguish between psychological and physiological dependence, and briefly explain each of the stages of drug dependence. 398) Explain the pathways or stages to substance dependence. 399) List and explain at least five risk factors for alcoholism. 400) Discuss the physical effects of alcohol. 401) Discuss the psychological effects of alcohol. 402) Discuss the effects of moderate alcohol use. 403) Discuss the effects of sedatives and minor tranquilizers. 404) Discuss the effects of opiates. 405) Discuss the effects of amphetamines. 406) Discuss the effects of cocaine.