31) Which of the following theorists would most likely disagree with the ideals of the eugenics movement? a. Gardner b. Goddard c. Galton d. Darwin 32) Kent is able to perform mathematical operations only if he can use physical experience and familiar examples in working up his answers. Kent is in Piaget’s ________ stage. a. preoperational b. formal operations c. sensorimotor d. concrete operations 33) At five years old, Sammy is better able to understand his friends’ feelings as compared to when he was three years old. Sammy is acquiring a a. theory of mind. b. self-concept. c. sense of self-reflection. d. sense of identity. 34) Authoritarian parents are ________ disciplinarians and they are ________ with punishment. a. strict; quick b. lenient; slow c. lenient; quick d. strict; slow 35) According to research on Erikson’s identity crisis model, which is TRUE? a. Unsuccessful resolution of a crisis decreases the likelihood that a future crisis will be successfully resolved. b. In most cases psychosocial crises go unresolved with no detrimental effects on social development. c. In most cases psychosocial crises are unsuccessfully resolved leading to detrimental effects on social development. d. Unsuccessful resolution of a crisis has no effect on whether a future crisis will be successfully resolved. 36) Which of the following is TRUE regarding Piaget’s and Erikson’s theories? a. Children in Piaget’s preoperational stage should also be working on issues in Erikson’s trust versus mistrust stage of development. b. Children in Piaget’s formal operational stage should also be working on issues in Erikson’s autonomy versus shame and doubt stage of development. c. Children in Piaget’s preoperational stage should also be working on issues in identity versus role confusion stage of development. d. Children in Piaget’s sensorimotor stage should also be working on issues in Erikson’s industry versus inferiority stage of development. 37) The two-factor theory of emotion suggests that a. emotions and bodily reactions are simultaneously produced by stimuli. b. emotions are from our interpretations of bodily reactions to stimuli. c. emotions are produced by both autonomic arousal and cognition. d. emotions are based upon our gut feelings. 38) In general, which of the following is the least related with happiness? a. Marriage b. Flow c. Money d. Political affiliation 39) The tendency for our moods to adapt to external circumstances is known as a. locus of control. b. treadmill exercise. c. hedonic treadmill. d. display rules. 40) The strategy of anticipating failure and then compensating for this expectation by mentally overpreparing for negative outcomes is known as a. pessimistic psychology. b. negative adaptation. c. positive psychology. d. defensive pessimism.