SOLVED

131) Attitudes stem from a. our prior experience. b. our ability to relate to messengers who provide information. c. our personalities. d. All of the answers are correct. 132) The phenomenon where we are more likely to believe something we’ve heard many times is known as the a. availability heuristic. b. recognition heuristic. c. rule of thumb. d. bandwagon fallacy. 133) Which heuristic makes us more likely to believe something we’ve heard many times? a. The availability heuristic b. The recognition heuristic c. The memory heuristic d. The monitor heuristic 134) When we experience an unpleasant state of tension between two or more conflicting thoughts we are experiencing a. implicit egotism. b. maladaptive gullibility. c. self-monitoring. d. cognitive dissonance. 135) Which of the following is the correct definition of cognitive dissonance? a. A state of tension that occurs when a person’s behaviour does not correspond to the his or her attitude b. The tendency for members of a group to avoid taking responsibility for their actions because they assume that others will do so c. The tendency for members of a close-knit group to think alike for the sake of harmony and to suppress disagreement d. A belief that a statement is true just because the person has heard it repeated over and over again 136) A state of tension that occurs when a person’s attitudes do not match the person’s actions is called a. implicit egotism. b. maladaptive gullibility. c. self-monitoring. d. cognitive dissonance. 137) Which one of the following activities will not reduce cognitive dissonance? a. Changing the behaviour to match the attitude b. Changing the thought to justify the behaviour c. Developing new thoughts to justify the behaviour d. Continuing the behaviour in spite of the conflicting thoughts 138) Luis picks up a pack of cigarettes and reads, “Cigarette smoking is harmful to your health.” Which one of the following statements leads one to believe Luis is actually having cognitive dissonance? a. “I’ve been smoking my whole life and I don’t have health problems.” b. “No one I know who smokes is sick.” c. “I know these cigarettes are killing me but I just can’t stop.” d. “That is not true. Cigarettes are not that harmful.” 139) The World-Will-End-on-June-7 group got together on June 7 to pray as the world ended. The next day the world did not end. The leader of the group said, “Our prayers saved the world.” What process was responsible for the attitude change? a. Implicit egotism b. Maladaptive gullibility c. Self-monitoring d. cognitive dissonance 140) Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance? a. You are polite and civil to people you dislike. b. You dislike doing exercise but do it anyway to improve your health. c. You believe that reality TV is for morons but are addicted to American Idol and watch every episode. d. You are a lousy cook but you keep trying different recipes.